Stichting Laka

Publicatie Laka-bibliotheek:
Nuclear power in the Soviet Union (1983)

AuteurIAEA, B.A.Semenov
Datumapril 1983
Classificatie 2.34.0.00/02 (RUSLAND - ALGEMEEN)
Voorkant

Uit de publicatie:

Nuclear power

Nuclear power in the Soviet Union
by B.A. Semenov*

Even though the Soviet Union is a large industrial state which bases its economic 
development on its own mineral fuel resources, it cannot afford to neglect the 
development of nuclear power, because about 80% of its energy resources are 
concentrated in eastern regions of the country, while 75% of the population and 
consumers of power are concentrated in the European part of the USSR. The transport 
of fuel from the east of the Soviet Union to western regions constitutes about 40% of 
the turnover of the country's rail freight.

Another important factor which led the Soviet Union to favour nuclear power as a 
main source of energy was that nuclear power is less damaging to the environment 
than conventional power.

By the end of 1982, the total installed capacity of nuclear power plants in the USSR 
exceeded 18 000 MW. In 1981 the Soviet Union's nuclear power plants generated 86 
billion kWh electricity - 6.5% of the country's total electricity production. During the 
next five-year period the generation figure will increase more than threefold and will 
reach 220 billion kWh in 1985. Since it is planned that the total electric power 
production in the country will be increased to about 1500 billion kWh, nuclear plants 
will account for 14% of the total electricity production in the entire country by 1985 
and for 24% in the European region.

Although the capital investment costs for nuclear power plants are 1½ to 2 times 
higher than for plants using organic fuel, the cost figures for electricity production in 
the European part of the country (including the Ural$) show that nuclear power plants 
are quite competitive. Thus the average cost of nuclear-generated electricity in 1979 
was 0.793 copeck/kWh, whereas the average cost of electricity from conventional 
power plants was 0.753 copeck/kWh.

* Mr Semenov is Deputy Director General, Head of the Agency's Department of
Nuclear Energy and Safety. This article is a personal view by Mr Semenov, and is 
not an expression of the official position either of the IAEA or of the USSR.

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