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Publicatie Laka-bibliotheek:
Vitrification of highly-active liquid waste (1984)

AuteurBNFL
Datumseptember 1984
Classificatie 2.05.4.10/16 (GROOT-BRITTANNIË - AFVAL)
Voorkant

Uit de publicatie:

Storage in solid form 
It is internationally accepted that these wastes should be converted into a solid form 
which can be stored more conveniently than a liquid waste and which is suitable for 
eventual disposal.
Various processes have been considered for solidifying highly-active waste, the two 
most important being vitrification-developed both in Britain and France-and 
conversion of the waste into a synthetic rock-like material-Synroc-currently under 
development in Australia. The Synroc process is not yet sufficiently developed to be 
available on a commercial scale, and is unlikely to show significant advantages over 
vitrification.
Conversion of the waste into a glassified form is the most advanced development, 
having been carried out on a commercial scale by the French since 1978.
Development of the vitrification process began in the late 1950s. In Britain, the 
feasibility of the HARVEST method-a one-step process-was demonstrated in an 
inactive pilot plant.
Meanwhile the French were developing a two-stage continuous vitrification process 
and by 1978 had constructed a full-scale active demonstration plant, Atelier de 
Vitrification de Marcoule (AVM). The plant has demonstrated the process at 
industrial scale and it was decided that adoption of the French continuous process 
would enable vitrification on a production scale to be adopted at Sellafield several 
years earlier than would otherwise be the case. Consequently a contract was signed 
between BNFL and Societe Generale pour les Thchniques Nouvelles (SGN), who 
designed AVM, which involved SGN in the design of a production plant, the 
Windscale Vitrification Plant (WVP).
A series of trials have taken place at Marcoule where the process was shown to 
operate successfully with simulates of UK Highly-Active Liquid Waste. A similar 
full-scale facility has been constructed at Sellafield to make the process as 
efficient as possible for UK wastes and on which operators are being trained. 
It will also be used forthe development of handling techniques.

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